Communications of the ACM (CACM), Volume 19, 1976

Volume 19, Number 1, January 1976

Computer Systems

• 
  Leonard Kleinrock, William E. Naylor, Holger Opderbeck:
  A Study of Line Overhead in the Arpanet. 3-13
• 
  Neil C. Wilhelm:
  An Anomaly in Disk Scheduling: A Comparison of FCFS and SSTF Seek Scheduling Using an Empirical Model for Disk Accesses. 13-17
• 
  Carson E. Agnew:
  On Quadratic Adaptive Routing Algorithms. 18-22

Information Retrieval and Language Processing

• 
  Philip L. Karlton, Samuel H. Fuller, R. E. Scroggs, E. B. Kaehler:
  Performance of Height-Balanced Trees. 23-28

Management / Database Systems

• 
  J. J. Florentin:
  Information Reference Coding. 29-33

Programming Languages

• 
  Charles R. Litecky, Gordon B. Davis:
  A Study of Errors, Error-Proneness, and Error Diagnosis in Cobol. 33-37

Volume 19, Number 2, February 1976

Programming Languages

• 
  Gregor von Bochmann:
  Semantic Evaluation from Left to Right. 55-62
• 
  Ronald L. Rivest:
  On Self-Organizing Sequential Search Heuristics. 63-67
• 
  F. M. Ives:
  Permutation Enumeration: Four New Permutation Algorithms. 68-72

Graphics and Image Processing

• 
  Alberto Martelli:
  An Application of Heuristic Search Methods to Edge and Contour Detection. 73-83

Management / Database Systems

• 
  Kenneth F. Siler:
  A Stochastic Evaluation Model for Database Organization in Data Retrieval Systems. 84-95
• 
  Ronald Fagin:
  A Counterintuitive Example of Computer Paging. 96-97

Computer Systems

• 
  Ehud Artzy, James A. Hinds, Harry J. Saal:
  A Fast Division Technique for Constant Divisors. 98-101

Volume 19, Number 3, March 1976

1975 Turing Award Lecture

• 
  Allen Newell, Herbert A. Simon:
  Computer Science as Empirical Inquiry: Symbols and Search. 113-126

Management Science / Operations Research

• 
  Jair M. Babad, Mario M. Modiano:
  Joining Policies in a Multipriority Multiclass Batch Computer System. 127-136

Programming Techniques

• 
  Frances E. Allen, John Cocke:
  A Program Data Flow Analysis Procedure. 137-147

Management / Database Systems

• 
  Naftaly H. Minsky:
  Intentional Resolution of Privacy Protection in Database Systems. 148-159

Volume 19, Number 4, April 1976

Reports and Articles

• 
  Oliver R. Smoot:
  Development of an International System for Legal Protection of Computer Programs. 171-174
• 
  Bennet P. Lientz:
  A Comparative Evaluation of Versions of BASIC. 175-181

Scientific Applications

• 
  J. Raymond:
  LG: A Language for Analytic Geometry. 182-187

Programming Languages

• 
  Shmuel Katz, Zohar Manna:
  Logical Analysis of Programs. 188-206

Volume 19, Number 5, May 1976

Papers

from Fifth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, November 19-21, 1975

• 
  Dorothy E. Denning:
  A Lattice Model of Secure Information Flow. 236-243
• 
  Jonathan K. Millen:
  Security Kernel Validation in Practice. 243-250
• 
  Butler W. Lampson, Howard E. Sturgis:
  Reflections on an Operating System Design. 251-265
• 
  A. Nico Habermann, Lawrence Flon, Lee W. Cooprider:
  Modularization and Hierarchy in a Family of Operating Systems. 266-272
• 
  John H. Howard:
  Proving Monitors. 273-279
• 
  Susan S. Owicki, David Gries:
  Verifying Properties of Parallel Programs: An Axiomatic Approach. 279-285
• 
  A. Wayne Madison, Alan P. Batson:
  Characteristics of Program Localities. 285-294
• 
  Barton G. Prieve, Robert S. Fabry:
  VMIN-An Optimal Variable-Space Page Replacement Algorithm. 295-297
• 
  Wesley W. Chu, Holger Opderbeck:
  Analysis of the PFF Replacement Algorithm via a Semi-Markov Model. 298-304

Volume 19, Number 6, June 1976

Reports and Articles

• 
  Orrin E. Taulbee, Samuel D. Conte:
  Production and Employment of Ph.D.'s in Computer Science. 311-313

Management Aplications

• 
  Dennis G. Severance, Richardo Duhne:
  A Practitioner's Guide To Addressing Algorithms. 314-326

Computer Systems

• 
  Forest Baskett, Alan Jay Smith:
  Interference in Multiprocessor Computer Systems with Interleaved Memory. 327-334

Programming Techniques

• 
  Gideon Frieder, Harry J. Saal:
  A Process for the Determination of Addresses in Variable Length Addressing. 335-338
• 
  David S. Wise:
  Referencing Lists by an Edge. 338-342
• 
  Helmut Schumacher, Kenneth C. Sevcik:
  The Synthetic Approach to Decision Table Conversion. 343-351
• 
  Douglas W. Clark:
  An Efficient List-Moving Algorithm Using Constant Workspace. 352-354

Short Communications: Programming Techniques

• 
  Gary D. Knott:
  A Numbering System for Permutations of Combinations. Commun. ACM 19(6): 355-356 (1976)

Volume 19, Number 7, July 1976

Education

• 
  Samuel D. Conte, Maurice H. Halstead:
  The Technology of Computer Center Management: A Proposed Course for Graduate Professional Programs in Computer Science or in Information Systems. 369-370

Operating Systems

• 
  Robert M. Keller:
  Formal Verification of Parallel Programs. 371-384

Programming Languages

• 
  James C. King:
  Symbolic Execution and Program Testing. 385-394

Computer Systems

• 
  Robert Metcalfe, David R. Boggs:
  Ethernet: Distributed Packet Switching for Local Computer Networks. 395-404

Management Applications

• 
  Cheng-Wen Cheng, Jonas Rabin:
  Synthesis of Decision Rules. 404-406

Management Science / Operations Research

• 
  George S. Fishman:
  Sampling from the Gamma Distribution on a Computer. 407-409

Artificial Intelligence / Language Processing

• 
  Kurt Maly:
  Compressed Tries. 409-415

Programming Techniques

• 
  Warren Burton:
  A Buddy System Variation for Disk Storage Allocation. 416-417

Short Communications: Management Science / Operations Research

• 
  Gaston H. Gonnet:
  Heaps Applied to Event Driven Mechanisms. 417-418

Volume 19, Number 8, August 1976

Education

• 
  John J. Donovan:
  Tools and Philosophy for Software Education. 430-436

Programming Languages

• 
  Robert D. Tennent:
  The Denotational Semantics of Programming Languages. 437-453

Graphics and Image Processing

• 
  James H. Clark:
  Designing Surfaces in 3-D. 454-460

Operating Systems

• 
  Michael A. Harrison, Walter L. Ruzzo, Jeffrey D. Ullman:
  Protection in Operating Systems. 461-471

Programming Techniques

• 
  Daniel S. Hirschberg:
  An Insertion Technique for One-Sided Height-Balanced Trees. 471-473

Volume 19, Number 9, September 1976

ACM 1976 George E. Forsythe Student Paper Competition Awards

• 
  Philip Wadler:
  Analysis of an Algorithm for Real Time Garbage Collection. 491-500
• 
  Chee-Keng Yap:
  New Upper Bounds for Selection. 501-508
• 
  Michael C. Loui:
  Weighted Derivation Trees. 509-513

Programming Languages

• 
  Kenneth G. Walter:
  Recursion Analysis for Compiler Optimization. 514-516

Programming Techniques

• 
  James R. Bitner, Gideon Ehrlich, Edward M. Reingold:
  Efficient Generation of the Binary Reflected Gray Code and Its Applications. 517-521
• 
  L. Peter Deutsch, Daniel G. Bobrow:
  An Efficient, Incremental, Automatic Garbage Collector. 522-526
• 
  Ben Wegbreit:
  Faster Retrieval from Context Trees. 526-529

Volume 19, Number 10, October 1976

Papers from SIGGRAPH 76: The Third Annual Conference on Computer Graphics, Interactive Techniques, and Image Processing, July 14-16, 1976

• 
  Udo W. Pooch:
  Papers from SIGGRAPH 76 - Introduction. 541
• 
  James F. Blinn, Martin E. Newell:
  Texture and Reflection in Computer Generated Images. 542-547
• 
  James H. Clark:
  Hierarchical Geometric Models for Visible Surface Algorithms. 547-554
• 
  Joshua Levin:
  A Parametric Algorithm for Drawing Pictures of Solid Objects Composed of Quadric Surfaces. 555-563
• 
  Nestor Burtnyk, Marceli Wein:
  Interactive Skeleton Techniques for Enhancing Motion Dynamics in Key Frame Animation. 564-569

Short Communications: Scientific Applications

• 
  James W. Frane:
  The BMD and BMDP Series of Statistical Computer Programs. 570-576

Short Communications: Programming Languages

• 
  C. Duong-Kien, Hans-Jürgen Hoffmann, D. Muth:
  An Improvement to Martin's Algorithm for Computation of Linear Precedence Functions. 576-577

Reports and Articles

• 
  Richard G. Montanelli Jr., Sandra A. Mamrak:
  The Status of Women and Minorities in Academic Computer Science. 578-581

Volume 19, Number 11, November 1976

Reports and Articles

• 
  Douglas T. Ross:
  Homilies for Humble Standards. 595-600
• 
  Henry F. Ledgard, William C. Cave:
  Cobol Under Control. 601-608

Programming Languages

• 
  Thomas R. Wilcox, Alan M. Davis, Michael H. Tindall:
  The Design and Implementation of a Table Driven, Interactive Diagnostic Programming System. 609-616

Artificial Intelligence and Language Processing

• 
  Frank Rubin:
  Experiments in Text File Compression. 617-623

Management Applications

• 
  Kapali P. Eswaran, Jim Gray, Raymond A. Lorie, Irving L. Traiger:
  The Notions of Consistency and Predicate Locks in a Database System. 624-633
• 
  K. Maruyama, Stephen E. Smith:
  Optimal Reorganization of Distributed Space Disk Files. 634-642

Programming Techniques

• 
  Richard G. Hamlet:
  High-Level Binding with Low-Level Linkers. 642-644

Volume 19, Number 12, December 1976

reports and Articles

• 
  Jean E. Sammet:
  Roster of Programming Languages for 1974-75. Commun. ACM 19(12): 655-669 (1976)
• 
  Bruce W. Arden:
  The Computer Science and Engineering Research Study (COSERS). 670-673

Management Applications

• 
  Jay F. Nunamaker Jr., Benn R. Konsynski, Thomas Ho, Carl Singer:
  Computer-Aided Analysis and Design of Information Systems. 674-687

Scientific Applications

• 
  George C. Stockman, Laveen N. Kanal, M. C. Kyle:
  Structural Pattern Recognition Of Carotid Pulse Waves Using A General Waveform Parsing System. 688-695